Soil Testing

Kerman Zamin Chemical Industry Laboratory Complex

Soil is the primary medium for plant cultivation and growth; therefore, paying attention to its health and quality is essential. In general, soil testing should be conducted every two years to firstly evaluate the effectiveness of fertilizers and soil amendments, and secondly to develop a comprehensive plan for optimizing soil quality for plant growth and nutrition. Additionally, soil testing helps prevent unnecessary costs and chemical toxicity, as sometimes tests reveal that no nutrient deficiencies exist, and only limiting factors such as salinity, lime content, sodium adsorption ratio, or soil texture hinder optimal plant performance.

In the Three-Layer Soil Testing Package, parameters are measured according to the importance of each depth, as outlined below:

• Parameters marked with a circle are included by default in the package and will be measured.
• *Parameters marked with an asterisk in this package are measured upon customer request*.

Three-depth soil testing is primarily used for perennial trees. Depending on the vertical growth of the tree roots, the three depths can be divided as follows: for deep-rooted trees, 0–40 cm, 40–80 cm, and 80–120 cm; for normally rooted trees, 0–30 cm, 30–60 cm, and 60–90 cm.

عموما آزمایش خاک تک عمقی برای محصولات زراعی، صیفی، جالیزی و گلخانه‌ها در نظر گرفته می‌شود. در آزمایش خاک تک عمقی به دلیل اینکه گستره ریشه گیاه، عموما در ۴۰ سانتی متر اول است و به ندرت به پایین تر نفوذ می نماید، صرفا از عمق ۰ تا ۴۰ سانتی متر نمونه برداری می شود.

In the Three-Layer Soil Testing Package, parameters are measured according to the importance of each depth, as outlined below:

• Parameters marked with a circle are included by default in the package and will be measured.
• *Parameters marked with an asterisk in this package are measured upon customer request.

The importance of proper sampling is as significant as accuracy in analysis. Therefore, the following points should be carefully observed during the sampling process:

1- For sampling orchards, soil samples should be collected from beneath the tree canopy, in a flat water-accumulating area, approximately 1 to 1.5 meters away from the tree collar.

2- Soil sampling should not be conducted in drainage areas, uneven parts of the plots, or locations containing fertilizer layers from the previous year.

3- The sampling surface must be free of any contamination.

4- For sampling from fallow land, the sampling area should be irrigated twice, with a 7-day interval between irrigations.

5- For orchard soil sampling, the sample should be collected from the walls of the pit at different depths.

6- The minimum acceptable weight for each soil sample is one kilogram. Each sample must be labeled with a card containing complete information, including the date, owner’s name, region, orchard and plot name, pit number, and sampling depth.

7- If the field (orchard or farm) appears uniform, to obtain a more accurate sample, dig multiple profiles across the area and mix soil from similar depths together.

8- Sampling should be conducted randomly, in a zigzag pattern, or along a diagonal.

Dig a pit under the tree canopy in an area where no fertilization has been applied, to a depth of 1 to 1.5 meters.

No pit excavation is required; remove the top 5 cm of soil and collect the sample down to a depth of 30 cm.

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